Macromolecules in cells

Macromolecules is a class of large molecules that are very important biologically. A monomer is several small molecular structures that may be chemically bonded together to form long multipart polymer molecules. A polymer is a large molecule made up of similar or identical subunits called monomers. The four main types of macromolecules are proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Macromolecules are generally built by combining many single units or monomers into larger units called polymers. Monomers are joined together by condensation reactions. Polymers are broken down by hydrolysis. The specific name for the bond between specific sugar monomers is nucleotides. Polymers join monomers together. To build a polysaccharide monomers have to be linked together by glycosidic linkages. Sugar is stored as glycogen in the human body because it gives you energy. Plant foods are essential to animal life because it is digestible and has vitamins, minerals, and fiber.Starch is digested by animals by turning it into fiber. Fiber is important to your body because it cleans out all the nasty stuff bad things in your body. You pass gas because of the food you eat. Some disadvantages to a low carb diet is diet compliance, don't get enough nutrients, and have a risk of getting cancer.Sugar plays a big role in cavity formation in your teeth because it can help your enamel which makes your teeth strong.

Water Traveling Experiment

In Biology class my group and I did a water experiment where we had two beakers, a 16.9 inch string, tape, and a desk. We connected the ends of the string to each beaker with the tape filled one of the beakers up with water and then had one person out of our group stand on a desk and pour the water onto the string which traveled to the other beaker and filled up the other beaker on the floor with water.We did this experiment to see how far water could travel on a string and if it was even possible. Adhesion and cohesion helped a lot in this lab especially when the water was traveling down the string. If water dint have cohesion or adhesion it wouldn't have stuck to the string.Water is the shape it is because of the two hydrogen molecules and one oxygen molecule.

Animals, plants, and humans

Independent variable is a variable that is changed to observe It's affect on the Dependent variable. Dependent variable is It changes when the independent variable changes. On the corn experiment, the ECB was the independent and the corn was the dependent, with out the ECB the corn wouldn't have grown. So you had to have both variables to have good corn.Also, it depended on how you grew your corn, like if you wanted it to be infected or not.

Clinical trials are health-related research studies in humans and follow a protocol.Usually drugs or devices for humans are tested on small animals. It goes through different phases if it works on the animals, like how the drug or device should be used. Researchers must inform the patients of the different possibilities before the patient decides to participate. If it is approved and workshops then that's when it comes out on commercials and things like that.

I researched controlled phase clinical trial of Idebenone in Patients with Primary progressive Multiple Sclerosis. Multiple sclerosis(MS) is an inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system that weakens and destroys the pathways of the nervous system. The purpose is to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of using idebenone to treat progressive multiple sclerosis. The duration of the study is seven years. The outcome of this trial is the Inhibition of development of the brain compares to individualized rates of progression ofbetween atrophy between idebenone and placebo. To participate in this study you have to be 18years-65years of age who have been diagnosed with primary progressive multiple sclerosis. A placebo is a fake medication or treatment designed to resemble a drug or treatment and given in the same way. Also this relates to the double blind study which is an experimental procedure in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment.